Helmet: A device to reduce mortality and severity of trauma

Sara Ghahremanzadeh Anigh 1, Zahra Hajiloo 1, Haniyeh Ebrahimi Bakhtavar 1, Seyed Pooya Paknejad 1 and Farzad Rahmani 2, *

1 Emergency Medicine and Trauma Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.
2 Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.
 
Research Article
International Journal of Life Science Research Archive, 2022, 03(01), 093–100.
Article DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2022.3.1.0077
Publication history: 
Received on 13 July 2022; revised on 29 August 2022; accepted on 31 August 2022
 
Abstract: 
Introduction: Objective of the present study was to evaluate the nosocomial outcomes and severity of trauma among motorcyclist trauma patients with and without using helmet.
Materials and Methods: A prospective descriptive study was performed on 1000 motorcyclist trauma patients between December 2019 and May 2021. After collecting data and recording patients’ outcomes, patients were divided into two groups of users and non-users of helmets, and patients’ outcomes and severity of trauma were evaluated.
Results: The median age of patients was 27 years and only 36.2% of patients had worn helmet when they were traumatised. Of the patients, 41 died during hospitalization, out of which 36 individuals did not have helmet during trauma. In the group without a helmet, the most common sites of injury were head and neck. There was a significant difference in the severity of trauma based on GAP, RTS, and NTS in the two groups of patients (P <0.05). In reviewing the GAP, RTS, and NTS models, in determining the prognosis of survival rate of patients, the cut-off point values were obtained as 18.5, 7, and 16.5, respectively, with the area under the curve ROC of about 0.95.
Conclusion: Helmet plays an important role in reducing the hospital mortality rate of motorcycle trauma patients. Additively, wearing a helmet is very effective in reducing the severity of trauma. It is recommended to take necessary measures to increase the use of helmet among motorcyclists by training and also using the force of law.
 
Keywords: 
Multiple Trauma; Mortality; Outcome; Emergency Ward; Motorcycles
 
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Copyright information: 
Copyright © 2022 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0