Biphenotypic acute leukemia

K. Lemhouer *, J. Elamouri, M. Braoul, I. tlamçani and M. Amrani Hassani

Department of Hématology, Central Laboratory for Medical Analysis, Hassan II University Hospital Fez, Morocco.
 
Review
International Journal of Life Science Research Archive, 2023, 04(01), 211–215.
Article DOI: 10.53771/ijlsra.2023.4.1.0037
Publication history: 
Received on 01 February 2023; revised on 06 March 2023; accepted on 09 March 2023
 
Abstract: 
Biphenypic leukemia (BAL) is defined by the presence on the same blastic cells of markers belonging to at least two different lines. The incidence is estimated at less than 5% of acute leukemia cases, even if there are disparities in the literature. The morphological aspects of blast cells are variable, aspects of lymphoblasts in 1/3 cases or myeloblasts in other cases. Blast cell flow cytometry distinguishes BAL with co-expression of lymphoid and myeloid markers (L+M) or myeloid markers with lymphoid markers (M+L). BAL with lymphoid markers B and T (B+T) are rarer. Conventional cytogenetic examination makes it possible to highlight more frequently in the BAL type anomalies t(9;22)(q34;q11) in adults, t(12;21)(p13;q22) in children or abnormalities in 11q23, more rarely other cytogenetic abnormalities.
We note the observation of two cases of acute leukemia with their immunophenotypic profile in order to highlight the difficulty of classifying certain acute leukemia with a mixed phenotype and highlight the complementarity of biological analyses for characterization and management of these leukemias.
 
Keywords: 
Biphenotypic leukemia; Immunophenotypic; Conventional cytogenetic
 
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