Frequency of comorbidities (HIV, HBV, and diabetes) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance profile of strains isolated to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs at Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé-Cameroon
1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I,
2 Laboratory for Tuberculosis Research and Pharmacology, Biotechnology Center Nkolbisson, University of Yaoundé I,
3 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I,
4 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroun.
Research Article
International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive, 2026, 10(02), 060-069.
Article DOI: 10.53771/ijstra.2026.10.2.0025
Publication history:
Received on 01 May 2026; revised on 10 June 2026; accepted on 12 June 2026
Abstract:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant cause of mortality worldwide with the main risk factor being immunosuppression, which may be due to HIV, HBV or diabetes. Despite current therapeutic progress, effective control of this disease is becoming increasingly difficult in a large number of countries due to co-infection with other pathologies (HIV in particular) and the emergence of strains that have become resistant to anti-tuberculosis treatment. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé (JHY) from August 2022 to January 2023, in other to determine the frequency of comorbidities (HIV, HBV, diabetes) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and evaluate the resistance profile of strains isolated to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. The study population consisted of 82 patients with an average age of 35.84 ± 11.78 years, including 76% men and 24% women. The frequencies of TB-HIV, TB-HBV and TB-diabetes comorbidities were 19.50%, 7.30% and 4.9% respectively. Among the 76 sputum samples that gave positive cultures, 8 cases (10.53%) presented resistance to at least one of the anti-tuberculosis drugs. Resistance to Ethambutol (6.6%) and Isoniazid (5.3%) was the most common compared to Rifampicin (2.6%) and Streptomycin (2.6%). Monoresistance was detected in 4 cases (5.3%), multiresistance in 2 cases (2.6%) and polyresistance in 2 cases (2.6%). It showed that there is a significant association between TB-diabetes comorbidity and overall resistance (P=0.001), streptomycin resistance (P=0.001). However, no significant association between TB-HIV, TB-HBV co-infections and the occurrence of overall resistance (P = 0.138 and 0.481 respectively). Monitoring comorbidities and possible resistance in newly detected tuberculosis patients is of capital importance in order to ensure better care of these patients.
Keywords:
Tuberculosis; Comorbidity; Resistance; Anti-tuberculosis drugs
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